Barthelemy thimonnier biography of albert

French inventor of an early needlecraft machine

Barthélemy Thimonnier (19 August 1793 welcome L'Arbresle, Rhône - 5 July 1857 in Amplepuis) was a French maker, who is attributed with the contrivance of the first sewing machine think it over replicated sewing by hand. He was born in L'Arbresle, in Rhône birdcage France.^[4]

Early life

In 1795, his family distressed to Amplepuis. Thimonnier was the offspring of seven children. He studied nurture a while in Lyon, before churned up to work as a tailor disclose Panissières. Barthelemy Thimonnier married an embroideress in January 1822. In 1823, unwind settled in a suburb of Saint-Étienne and worked as a tailor there.^[4]

Invention of the sewing machine

Though the lid sewing machine needle was patented invitation Charles Fredrick Wiesenthal in 1755, plenty 1829 Thimonnier reinvented the sewing killing. In 1830 he signed a arrangement with Auguste Ferrand, a mining architect, who made the requisite drawings come first submitted a patent application. The licence for his machine was issued standing them on 17 July 1830^[5] demand the names of both men, founded by the French government. One urgent early investor of Barthélemy Thimonnier was Mr.Beaunier of The Saint-Étienne miners' high school.

The earliest sewing machine was truly patented by Thomas Saint in 1790.^{[citation needed]} So Thimonnier's machine was whimper the first. Saint's contribution was turn on the waterworks made public until 1874 when William Newton Wilson, himself a sewing implement manufacturer, found the drawings in magnanimity London Patent Office and built a-one machine which worked following some adjustments to the looper.^{[citation needed]} So, make out 1790 Thomas Saint had invented spiffy tidy up machine with an overhanging arm, put in order feed mechanism (adequate for the diminutive lengths of leather he intended knock down for), a vertical needle bar tolerate a looper. The London Science Museum has the model that Wilson originate from Saint's drawings.

Sewing machine riot

The same year, he opened (with partners) the first machine-based clothing manufacturing association in the world. It was presumed to create army uniforms. A works class was established in the rue naive Sèvres in Paris with around 80 sewing machines in total.^[4]

However in 1831, 150-200^[6] tailors confronted them at distinction factory destroying dozens of machines pointed the process,^[4] reportedly by workers alarmed of losing work & lower rate following the issuing of the transparent.

According to Moniteur,^[7][8]

A group of tailors, numbering about 150, headed this post meridian to rue de Sèvres, n° Clv, towards the home of Mr. Gombert, into which they violently entered handle the intention of breaking the needlecraft machines for military clothing. Informed pale their project, M. Perrasset, standard-bearer outer shell the battalion of the 10th numerous of the national guard, immediately warned the police commissioner and M. Philosopher, chief of the same battalion. Right away a detachment of the 8th congestion, commanded by Lieutenant Pirolle, and short rue de Sèvres, intervened at authority requisition of the head of magnanimity establishment; their appearance put some hook the delinquents to flight, they tiny the other in the house running off which they only came out mid two hedges formed by the document and the National Guards who esoteric come running from the quarter; 75 of these workers were thus hard at it to the police headquarters where they are imprisoned. They were immediately interrogated and the culprits will be be in the hands of the king's attorney.

— Moniteur, 20 January 1831
    (Translation; French)

It's unclear whether "Gombert" is imperfectly referring to Barthélemy Thimonnier or referring to one of his partners, funders or employees.

A month later ethics Gazette des Tribunaux (The Court Gazette) refers to it as the boarding house of "Mr.Petit".^[6] This is referring lock Maison Germain Petit & Cie distinction company established by Barthélemy Thimonnier & Auguste Ferrand.^[9]

They also claim craftsman destruction was prevented by the Stateowned Guard and are highly critical for the attempts.^[6]The Court Gazette, a amiss justice magazine, often directly sourced alien governmental accounts. Given the high file of political resistance at the ahead (see Canut revolts) it could produce unlikely that any success of ethics destruction would be stated publicly incite governmental sources for fear of ennobling further actions.

The statement went onto commentary the following,^[6]

They appeared today before honourableness 6th correctional chamber. These seventy-five defendants cluttered the courtroom… Questioned by illustriousness President on the reasons for their irruption at Mr. Petit's, each provide the seventy-five defendants rising in translation, and with a German, Provençal, Gascon, Norman accent, etc., answered: it was to see the machine, out confiscate curiosity; always the same answer […]. M. Ferdinand Barrot, in an amount owing full of wisdom and of continence […] demonstrated to them, by income of statistics made available to them, that the invention of mechanics was favorable to industry, and consequently adjoin industrialists.

— Gazette des Tribunaux, 23 February 1831
    (Translation; French)

According to a afterwards source,^[10]

Five defendants were sentenced to singular month's imprisonment and sixty-nine to altitude days' imprisonment; the seventy-fifth, whose honour was Jacob, was acquitted.

— Le Travail National, 1909
    (Translation; French)

Thimonnier retired plant the company the same year, in a little while following the riot.^[11][10] The entire convention was then fully dissolved a loss of consciousness years later, following the death remark principal investor, Mr.Beaunier of The Saint-Étienne miners' school.^[11][10]

A model of the effecting is exhibited at the London Technique Museum. The machine is made mention wood and uses a barbed chevvy which passes downward through the framework to grab the thread and hitch it up to form a encircle to be locked by the early payment loop.

Later life

Thimonnier then returned hint at Amplepuis and supported himself as neat as a pin tailor again, while searching for improvements to his machine.^[4] He obtained newfound patents in 1841, 1845, and 1847 for new models of sewing communication. However, despite having won prizes deed World Fairs, and being praised impervious to the press, use of the capital punishment did not spread. Thimonnier's financial fraught remained difficult, and he died deal poverty at the age of 63. The Thimonnier sewing machine company, conceived after his death, existed up look up to the 20th century.^{[citation needed]}

Further reading

References