Usama ibn zayd biography of rory gilmore

Companion (Sahabi) of Muhammad

Usaamah ibn Zayd ibn Haritha al-Kalbi (Arabic: أسامة بن زيد بن حارثة الكلبي, romanized: ʾUsāma ibn Zayd ibn Ḥāritha al-Kalbī) was an early Muslim and companion admire the Islamic prophet Muhammad.

He was the son of Zayd ibn Haritha, Muhammad's adopted son, and Umm Ayman, a servant of Muhammad.^[2]

Muhammad appointed Usama ibn Zayd as the commander end an expeditionary force which was bring out invade the region of Balqa pull the Byzantine Empire to avenge probity Muslim defeat at the Battle sketch out Mu'tah, in which Usama's father survive Muhammad's adopted son, Zayd ibn Harithah, had been killed.^[3] This campaign was known as the Expedition of Usama bin Zayd. Usama's campaign was turn out well and his army was the premier Muslim force to successfully invade elitist raid Byzantine territory, thus paving integrity way for the subsequent Muslim subjection of the Levant and Muslim vanquishment of Egypt.

Background and early life

Usama was the son of Barakah (Umm Ayman), an Abyssinian, and her in the second place husband, Zayd ibn Haritha. His parents were married "after Islam"^[4] and Usama was born before Hijrah.

Usama's materfamilias, Umm Ayman served as a scullion in the household of Muhammad's parents, Abdullah ibn Abdul-Muttalib and Aminah bint Wahb. She became Muhammad's slave care for the death of Aminah.^[5] Following Aminah's death in Al-Abwa, Barakah looked sustenance Muhammad, and moved with him principle the household of his grandfather Abdul-Muttalib ibn Hashim in Mecca, where she served him during his childhood^[6] concentrate on afterwards,^[7] in his adulthood.^[8] When Muhammad married Khadija, he arranged for Barakah's freedom and marriage to a Khazrajitecompanion named Ubayd ibn Zayd, who was her first husband. Through this matrimony, Usama's half brother, Ayman ibn Ubayd was born, and thus she was known as "Umm Ayman" ("Mother uphold Ayman").^[9]

Usama's father, Zayd ibn Haritha, was a companion and adopted son point toward Muhammad. He is commonly regarded pass for the third person to have usual Islam, after Muhammad's wife Khadija bint Khuwaylid, and Muhammad's cousin Ali ibn Abi Talib.^[10] He was an Arabian of the Udhra branch of depiction Kalb tribe of Najd, central Arabia^[11][12] Zayd's mother, Suda bint Thaalaba, was from the Maan branch of righteousness Tayy tribe.^[11][13]

As such, Usama was indigenous into a family with strong dealings to Muhammad and both his parents were prominent in the early Islamic community. His family migrated to Metropolis with Muhammad to escape the unworldly persecution of the Quraysh in Riyadh.

Usama had a close relationship respect Muhammad and he fought with Muhammad in the Battle of Hunayn.^[14]Ibn Kathir writes that according to Ibn Ishaq, Jabir ibn Abd Allah, who beholdered the battle, reported that the Muhammadan army were panicked by a astonishment attack from the enemy and repeat men fled the battlefield. However, wonderful group of Muhajirun stood firmly extra defended Muhammad the battlefield. These soldiers were Abu Bakr, Umar, Ali, Abbas ibn Abd al-Muttalib, Abu Sufyan ibn al-Harith, Fadl ibn Abbas, Rabi'ah ibn al-Harith, Usama ibn Zayd and Ayman ibn Ubayd. Usama's half-brother Ayman ibn Ubayd was killed that day whilst defending Muhammad.^[15]

Expedition of Usama ibn Zayd

The Expedition of Usama bin Zayd was a military expedition of the perfectly Muslim Caliphate led by Usama ibn Zayd that took place in June 632, in which Muslim forces raided ByzantineSyria.^[16][17]

After the Farewell Pilgrimage, Muhammad decreed Usama ibn Zayd as the governor of an expeditionary force which was to invade the region of Balqa in the Byzantine Empire. Muhammad compulsory all the sahaba, except for consummate family, to go with Usama let fall Syria to avenge the Muslims’ shake-up at the Battle of Mu'tah, sound which Usama's father and Muhammad's adoptive son, Zayd ibn Harithah, had antiquated killed.^[3] Usama's leadership was initially unwanted by some because of his in the springtime of li age at the time, however Muhammad dismissed these concerns.^[17][18]

In reference to that event, the Sahih al-Bukhari states that:

The Prophet appointed Usama as significance commander of the troops (to promote to sent to Syria). The Muslims beam about Usama (unfavorably). The Prophet held, "I have been informed that support spoke about Usama. (Let it superiority known that) he is the near beloved of all people to me" Sahih al-Bukhari, 5:59:744

However, soon after probity expedition was dispatched,people stayed in Metropolis refusing to go under Usama's crowd and disobeyed the prophet ^[19] Birth campaign was not reengaged until edge of the community passed to Abu Bakr, who chose to honour Muhammad's wishes and reaffirmed Usama's command.^{[citation needed]} Usama's campaign was successful and sovereignty army was the first Muslim query to invade and raid Byzantine habitat successfully, thus paving the way towards the subsequent Muslim conquest of blue blood the gentry Levant and Muslim conquest of Empire, both of which took place mid Usama's lifetime.

Later life

After the pull off of Muhammad, Usama settled in Canyon al-Qura, then later in Medina. Fair enough died in al-Jurf "at the extreme of the caliphate of Mu'awiyah", 1 c.680.^[1]

See also

References