Is jewel plummer cobb dead or alive

Jewel Plummer Cobb

American university president (1924–2017)

Jewel Plummer Cobb (January 17, 1924 – Jan 1, 2017)[1] was an American ecologist, cancer researcher, professor, dean, and lawful administrator. She contributed to the marker of cancer research by studying nobleness cure for melanoma. Cobb was protest advocate for increasing the representation supporting women and students of color stuff universities, and she created programs converge support students interested in pursuing proportion school.[2]

Early life

Jewel Isadora Plummer was picture only child of Frank V. Plummer, and Carriebel (Cole) Plummer. Both light her parents used to live put it to somebody Washington D.C.[3] Her mother, Carriebel, grow employment as a physical education[4] innermost dance teacher who graduated from institution with a BA in interpretive gleaming. She had re-entered college the outfit time Jewel enrolled resulting in both mother and daughter earning degrees guarantee the same year.[5] Jewel's father, Direct, was the first Black person improve graduate with a Doctor of Care from Cornell University, becoming a doctor specializing in dermatology.[6] Plummer's paternal greybeard was a freed slave who gradual from Howard University in 1898 foundation a living as a pharmacist.[7]

Cobb's economically privileged upbringing offered her a infancy of intellectual exploration. From her father's scientific library to her education invective several multiracial institutions,[8] Cobb developed characteristic interest in learning from a immature age. Although she anticipated becoming a- physical education teacher, her interest kick up a fuss science solidified during her sophomore harvest of high school whilst looking make haste a microscope in biology class.[9] That interest was encouraged by her accumulation teacher and she was fascinated vulgar books on microorganisms like Paul DeKruif's The Microbe Hunters.[5]

Higher education

Cobb matriculated mix with the University of Michigan in 1942, but, dissatisfied with segregated housing accompaniment African-American students at Michigan, she transferred to Talladega College in Alabama.[10] Talladega College did not accept transfer credits, forcing Cobb to start anew. Confine spite of this, she completed become emaciated course work in three years preferably of the standard four.[5] She moderate with a BA in biology boring 1944[6] and became a member look up to the Alpha Kappa Alpha sorority.[4]

Cobb primarily was denied a fellowship for calibrate study in biology at New Royalty University, allegedly due to her marathon, but was granted the fellowship afterward an interview.[4] She earned her Thesis from New York University in 1947, and her PhD with a convergence on cell physiology in 1950[7]

Her exposition, Mechanisms of Pigment Formation, examined melanin pigment granules formations in vitro speak the enzyme tyrosinase.[11] In 1949, she was appointed an independent investigator invective Woods Hole Marine Biological Laboratory.[4] Captive 2021, the town renamed a method near the Marine Biological Laboratory "Jewel Cobb Road" in honor of Cobb.[12]

Professional life

After receiving her Ph.D, Cobb became a biology teaching fellow at Latest York University while also working cherish the National Cancer Institute at Harlem Hospital (1950-1952).

University of Illinois School of Medicine

From 1952-1954 Cobb was play down instructor in anatomy in Chicago motionless the University of Illinois College friendly Medicine where she taught histology.[4]

Hunter College

Shortly thereafter, Cobb returned to New Dynasty, serving as an assistant professor meditate NYU's post graduate medical school (1955–60), while also working as a blight lecturer at Hunter College (1956–57).[13]

Sarah Martyr College

From 1960-69, Cobb was employed bring in head of the biology laboratory deride Sarah Lawrence College. While there, she conducted research for participants in honourableness National Science Foundation.[4]

Connecticut College

Cobb served likewise a professor of Zoology and hoot Dean of Arts and Sciences learn Connecticut College from July 1969 till such time as July 1976. Cobb was the premier black Dean in the College's history.[14] Upon accepting the position at Usa College, she expressed: "This is spruce college in transition, moving forward bulk an exciting pace. We need improved black students and teachers to lend a hand us formulate and carry out after everyone else bold new plans."[15]

During her time package Connecticut College, she implemented a Hazy Scholarship program that provided financial keep to at least 37 Black undergraduates at the college. The scholarship lucky break to increase financial assistance needs pursue students of color.[15] This work poetic similar programs at other universities.[5]

Cobb along with established a Fifth Year Post-Baccalaureate Pre-Medical Program, which provided financial assistance tell educational opportunities for minority students exploit the College who wanted to woo careers in medicine or dentistry. Rank were provided with resources for drilling and counseling. Just five years abaft this program was established, these group of pupils were accepted into graduate programs, which included, Yale, Georgetown, and the College of Connecticut.[14]

While in Connecticut, Dr. Cobb also served as a member blond the Lawrence and Memorial Hospital direction New London,[16] in addition to instruct elected Director of the American Congress on Education, (1973-1976). Dr Cobb, variety member of the National Science Game table and advisor to the American Gathering for the Advancement of Science, chaired a conference of 30 minority cadre scientists to provide recommendations to schools, policy-makers and the US government pound how to recruit more women taste color into the sciences. The greatly influential report was published as Dignity Double Bind: The Price of Give off a Minority Woman in Science.

Due to the many roles, Cobb influenced long hours. She did laboratory swipe in the early morning followed gross administrative work before teaching in interpretation afternoons.[5]

Marine Biological Laboratory

While a graduate partisan, Cobb spent the summer of 1949 as an independent investigator at representation Marine Biological Laboratory, where she wilful the inhibition of cell division bland sea urchin (Arbacia) eggs. This was an early foray into a evaluation interest Cobb would develop extensively flat later years: how hormones, ultraviolet mellow and chemotherapeutic drugs can cause waverings in cell division. Cobb’s first summertime at MBL as a graduate learner led to a deep connection catch on Woods Hole, where she eventually a second home. She became regular MBL Corporation member in 1972 ray was a named an emeritus participant of the MBL Society in 2007. Cobb was a Library Reader long many years, and also served hallucination the MBL Campaign Steering Committee getaway 1997 to 2000.[17]

In July 1976, Cobb decided to leave Connecticut College present-day become a dean and professor disregard Biological Sciences at Douglass Residential Institution at Rutgers University. Cobb's decision cause somebody to leave was not premeditated, rather last out centered on an interest in apposite a full-time administrator for the Women's division of Rutgers.[18] Cobb's greatest fearfulness in leaving the College concerned dead heat inability to continue research to distinction same degree in her new role.[14]

While at Douglass, Cobb (alongside nine provoke Americans) was selected by the Industrialist Foundation to participate in a worldwide conference in Italy concerning the forward-thinking of higher education for women.[18] Moreover, in April 1978, Cobb was chosen by President Carter as a participator of the Board of Foreign Scholarships, best known as the organization reliable for determining Fulbright eligibility.

California Kingdom University, Fullerton

Cobb was appointed President put a stop to California State University, Fullerton in 1981 where she began to improve academic facilities from the start of disclose term.

Cobb was successful in in existence funds for the construction of button Engineering and Computer Science Building which was constructed with state funds, makeover well as the Ruby Gerontology Inside, which was the first building play in the College's history to be funded through private donations. She also borrowed financial capital for the construction unmoving the first ever student residence certificate campus. The completion of this series complex was later named in move up honor. Cobb also negotiated an say yes with the Marriott Corporation and illustriousness city of Fullerton for a renting to construct a hotel, allowing breather to use available funds for excellence construction of a campus sports set of contacts. The majority of the planning take the Science Laboratory Center, now cryed Dan Black Hall, was done patch Cobb was president.[19]

At Fullerton, some warrant members did not share Cobb's interests in research and rebuilding, holding avoid the primary mission of the school was to teach. Her decision respect enter into the agreement to fabricate the hotel on campus and deliver to add a satellite campus in decency southern part of Orange County nonstandard thusly generated criticism on campus. Cobb fagged out both of these issues to grandeur Faculty Senate for a vote. Both times, her decisions were upheld.[20]

In 1990, aged 66, she was forced farm retire under a rule imposed dampen W. Ann Reynolds, the Chancellor have a high regard for the California State University System, requiring all campus presidents aged 65 succeed older to retire.[21][22] In response strengthen her departure, Julian Foster, a learned leader and prominent political scientist, spoken Cobb's emphasis on research and reconsideration to be her most important assessment to Cal State Fullerton.[23]

Shortly after bashful, Cobb was named California State Forming Trustee Professor for its Los Angeles division.

In 1991, she became greatness principal investigator at Southern California Principles and Engineering ACCESS Center and Tangle, which assists middle school and excessive school students from disadvantaged backgrounds follow a future in the fields operate science and engineering.

In 2001, Cobb became the principal investigator for Body of knowledge Technology Engineering Program (STEP) Up take care of Youth—ASCEND project at California State College, Los Angeles.[24] She also was styled and served as a member take in the Caltech Board of Trustees.[25]

Research

Cobb's probation included work on the relationship 'tween melanin and skin damage, and succeed the effects of hormones, ultraviolet roost, and chemotherapy agents on cell disunion. Cobb discovered that methotrexate was tumult in the treatment of certain fell cancers, lung cancers, and childhood leukemia.[26] This drug is still being stimulated in chemotherapy today to give ill-treatment to a variety of cancers queue autoimmune diseases which includes: breast neoplasm, head and neck cancers, lung swelling, leukemia, and some types of lymphoma. Cobb was the first to around data on actinomycin D and lying ability to cause a reduction shambles nucleoli in the nucleus of regular and malignant human cells.[11]

She received regular $5,000 grant from the American Individual Society to continue her research in"Direct Hormone Action to Human and Jellyfish Melanomas in Tissue Culture."[27] This bestow supported her research and a broader examination of pigment cell growth perch differentiation in human and mouse melanomas.[28][29]

Other support for her cancer research came through her post-doctoral fellowship, research philanthropy from the: Damon Runyon, National Skill Foundation, National Cancer Institute, and Toggle Health Services.[14]

Cobb was part of position United States International Cancer congresses improvement London (1958) and Moscow (1962) final served on the advisory board appoint Mohegan Community College. She was awarded the National Institute of Health Fraternization for $68,000, where she spent sevener months in Naples, Italy continuing chamber growth research at the International Work of Genetics and Biophysics.[7]

Throughout her occupation, she collaborated with other notable researchers, including oncologist Jane C. Wright, Culture Antikajian, and Dorothy Walker Jones.[10] Haunt most influential mentors were her bacteriology professor James R. Hayden and dip biochemistry professor M.J. Kopac.[11]

In recognition state under oath her research achievements, Cobb was pick to the Institute of Medicine knock over the National Academy of Sciences tear 1974.[28] She was also a adherent of the National Science Board get round 1974 to 1980.[30][31]

Additional societal contributions

Cobb was named Vice President of the Be directed at for the 21st Century Foundation, over-enthusiastic to supporting the development of Caliginous institutions that addressed issues in righteousness Black community.[32] Programs established by dignity organization included: economic, educational, and dominion development with the purpose of creating opportunities for people of color.[8]

She was also a member of the Dweller Association for the Advancement of Principles, which supported both women and dynasty of color in the field.[16] Cobb was one of seven recognized indifferent to the Oakland Museum Association's Cultural careful Ethnic Affairs for her contributions wish science and/or technology. The museum's sunlit hoped to increase minority representation breach the sciences by showcasing the education of people of color, including assorted of Cobb's findings.[33]

As the keynote tubthumper at the 1971 Wheaton College origin, Cobb called for an alliance mid the Women's Liberation Movement and picture Black Liberation Movement.[34][35] She called complete the equality of women, the extirpation of abortion laws, and the call for for public child care in particular.[35]

Final years and legacy

Many of the policies and programs Cobb initiated during arrangement administrative careers take form in prepare 1979 paper, Filters for Women subtract Science, where she expressed concerns condemn female representation in science and plan. Through an analogy connecting her kindheartedness for science and demand for bigotry, Cobb claimed that the characteristics hostilities the filtrate passing through a part are primarily determined by the away from of the pores, which she timeconsuming with the limitations of female exchange in science.[36]

Cobb's insistence on providing funds and programs to increase minority imitation at her colleges of employment out her legacy outside of the laboratory.[2]

A former student, Timothy Yarboro, stated, "I would not have become a dilute. Because of her, I knew display was possible."[37]

Cobb resided in Maplewood, Newborn Jersey,[37] until her death on Jan 1, 2017, at the age funding 92.[35][2] She was survived by haunt only child, Jonathan, a radiologist specializing in magnetic resonance imaging.[8]

Honors, awards, added memberships

Honorary doctorates
  • Medical College of Pennsylvania
  • Northern University
  • Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute
  • Rutgers University
  • Tuskegee University
Awards
Memberships
  • Human Resource Commission
  • Sigma Xi
  • National Academy of Sciences (Institute put Medicine)
  • National Science Foundation.
  • Allied Corporation's board capacity directors
  • Tissue Culture Association of the Tending Committee (1972-1974)
  • Marine Biological Laboratory
  • Board of Go aboard for the Institute of Education Management

Publications

  • Cobb, Jewel Plummer, Dorothy G. Walker, give orders to Jane C. Wright. "Comparative chemotherapy studies on primary short-term cultures of living soul normal, benign, and malignant tumor tissues—a five-year study." Cancer research 21.5 (1961): 583.
  • Cobb, Jewel Plummer, and Dorothy Feathery. Walker. "Studies on Human Melanoma Cells in Tissue Culture I. Growth Capabilities and Cytology." Cancer research 20.6 (1960): 858-867.
  • Cobb, Jewel Plummer, and Dorothy Unclear. Walker. "Effect of Actinomycin D measurement Tissue Cultures of Normal and Neoplastic Cells23." (1958).
  • A National Assessment of Radio show and Participation of Women in Arithmetic, 1979
  • A Study of the Learning Existence at Women's Colleges, 1981
  • A Survey appreciate Black American Doctorates, 1968
  • A Survey appreciated the Current Status and Plans past its best Colleges Traditionally for Women Only, 1972
  • A Survey of Research Concerns on Women's Issues, 1975
  • Academic Challenges, 1990
  • Access and Dominion for Blacks in Higher Education, 1972
  • Advancing Women's Leadership in Science, 1995
  • An Reevaluation of Factors Affecting Female Participation subtract Advanced Placement Programs in Mathematics, Alchemy, and Physics, 1975
  • An Impact Analysis tip Sponsored Projects to Increase the Status of Women in Careers in Skill and Technology, 1977
  • And Pleasantly Ignore disheartened Sex, 1974
  • Annual Report of the Strong Science Foundation Committee on Equal Opportunities in Science and Technology, 1982
  • Black Drive and Governmental Responsibility, 1987
  • Campus 1970, At do Women Stand? Research Report designate a Survey on Women in Educator, 1970
  • Careers in Science and Engineering staging Black Americans, 1972
  • Catalyst Annual Report, 1978-1979
  • Changing America: The New Face of Skill and Engineering, 1989
  • College Resource Council—Study hand in Seniors and Freshman of a Release of Colleges Within the Member Genre, u.d.
  • Committee on the Education and Profession of Women in Science and Application (CEEWISE), 1977-1979
  • Data on Women in Wellorganized Research, 1977
  • Degree Awards to Women: Resolve Update, 1979
  • Degrees Granted and Enrollment Trends in Historically Black Colleges: An Eight-Year Study, 1965
  • Department of Health, Education additional Welfare- Statement by the Director, Resolute Cancer Program, National Cancer Institute, 1975

References

  1. ^Slotnik, Daniel E. (2017-01-11). "Jewel Plummer Cobb, 92, Dies; Led a California Campus". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on 2019-08-11. Retrieved 2017-02-09.
  2. ^ abc"Former Dean Honored by Man-made Firm". The Day. April 14, 1982.
  3. ^Clewell, Beatriz. "Women in the Biological Sciences: A Biobibliographic Sourcebook"(PDF). doi:10.2307/1223679. JSTOR 1223679. S2CID 85250658. Archived from the original(PDF) on 2020-02-18.
  4. ^ abcdef"Cobb, Jewel Plummer (1924- )". Greatness Black Past. 2011-03-16. Archived from decency original on 2011-12-02. Retrieved 2012-07-13.
  5. ^ abcdeKessler, James H.; Morin, Katherine A.; Captain, J. S.; Kidd, Renee A. (1996). Distinguished African American Scientists of description 20th Century. Phoenix, Arizona: Oryx Business. p. 49. ISBN .
  6. ^ abChung, King-Thom (2010). Women Pioneers of Medical Research. Jefferson, Northernmost Carolina: McFarland & Company, Inc. pp. 179–183. ISBN .
  7. ^ abcEunson, Robi (March 5, 1969). "Dr. Cobb names Dean of birth College". The Day.
  8. ^ abcBiermann; Grinstein, Carol; Louise (December 1994). "Despite the Odds: Women Biologists Who Succeed". The Inhabitant Biology Teacher. 56 (8): 468–475. doi:10.2307/4449891. JSTOR 4449891.: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  9. ^Jewel Plummer Cobb. Vol. 22 (2nd ed.). Detroit: Encyclopedia of World Biography. 2004. pp. 112–114. Archived from the original holdup December 9, 2019. Retrieved March 14, 2016.
  10. ^ abCollins, Sibrina Nichelle (February 7, 2017). "Unsung: Jewel Plummer Cobb". UnDark. Archived from the original on 8 November 2018. Retrieved 7 November 2018.
  11. ^ abcWarren, W. (1999). Black women scientists in the United States. Bloomington: Indiana University Press.
  12. ^"'Jewel Cobb Road' Coming Possibly will 28". CapeNews.net. 19 May 2021. Archived from the original on 2021-05-24. Retrieved 2021-05-24.
  13. ^"CC NEWS Press Release", February 12, 1969. Plummer Cobb Jewel, Folder 1. Linda Lear Center for Special Collections and Archives, Connecticut College, New Writer, CT.
  14. ^ abcd"CC NEWS Press Release 1976." Plummer Cobb Jewel, Folder 1. Linda Lear Center for Special Collections forward Archives, Connecticut College, New London, CT.
  15. ^ ab"Conn College has a Black Dean". Bay State Banner. Boston, Massachusetts. Sep 10, 1970.
  16. ^ abJones R., Thomas (September 6, 1974). "The Travelers". Travelers Corporation.
  17. ^"Legacy of Leadership". Marine Biological Laboratory. Archived from the original on 2022-04-04. Retrieved 2022-04-04.
  18. ^ abScott, Ruth (April 9, 1976). "Rutgers News Service". Rutgers the Put down University Press Release.
  19. ^"History Milestones of Very cold State Fullerton". California State University, Fullerton. Archived from the original on 2011-07-10. Retrieved 2012-07-13.
  20. ^Morgan, Lael (May 28, 1988). "Cal State Fullerton's Crown Jewel: Cobb's Accomplishments Calm Critics, but Her Courage Is a Two-Edged Sword". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original advocate 2016-03-06. Retrieved 2012-07-13.
  21. ^Johnson, Ted (March 28, 1990). "FULLERTON: Truce Reached on CSF President Search". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on 2016-03-06. Retrieved 2012-07-13.
  22. ^Lindgren, Kristina (July 28, 1990). "Cobb's Cal State Legacy: Minority, Campus Growth". Los Angeles Times. Archived from rendering original on 2013-11-14. Retrieved 2012-07-13.
  23. ^Davidson, Detail. (October 27, 1989). "Cal State Fullerton's Cobb to Step Down After 8 Years". Los Angeles Times. Archived foreigner the original on April 19, 2016. Retrieved March 15, 2016.
  24. ^"wilson award 2001". Calstatela.edu. 22 October 2013. Archived vary the original on 31 October 2018. Retrieved 13 January 2018.
  25. ^ ab"CANDACE Reward RECIPIENTS 1982-1990, Page 1". National Unification of 100 Black Women. Archived liberate yourself from the original on March 14, 2003.
  26. ^Stephan, Pam (March 29, 2010). "Jewel Plummer Cobb - Overcomer and Cancer Biologist". Breastcancer.about.com. Archived from the original utilize 2012-04-26. Retrieved 2012-07-13.
  27. ^"Letter from American Neoplasm Society. "May 26, 1971. Plummer Cobb Jewel, Folder 1. Lear Center mix up with Special Collections and Archives, Connecticut Faculty, New London, CT.
  28. ^ ab"Jewel Plummer Cobb". National Academy of Sciences. Archived unfamiliar the original on 2012-04-28. Retrieved 2012-07-13.
  29. ^"Connecticut College Dean Gets $5000 Cancer Grant". The New England Newsclip. Times Hartford, Connecticut. June 14, 1971.
  30. ^"Jewel Plummer Cobb, Biologist". African American Registry. Archived outlandish the original on 2012-06-06. Retrieved 2012-07-13.
  31. ^Renirie, Jack (June 26, 1974). "National Substructure News". National Foundation.
  32. ^"CC NEWS 1972" Plummer Cobb Jewel, Folder 1. Linda Humorist Center for Special Collections and File, Connecticut College, New London, CT.
  33. ^"Dr Rock Cobb to be honored," The Day. Feb 15, 1973 – via distinction Linda Center for Special Collections deliver Archives, Connecticut College, New London, CT.
  34. ^Brayne, Marylin (June 23, 1971). "Dean Calls for Alliance of Women and Black". The Day.
  35. ^ abcPlummer Cobb Jewel "Commencement Speech at Wheaton College." May 29, 1971. Plummer Cob Jewel, Folder 1. Linda Lear Center for Special Collections and Archives, Connecticut College, New Writer, CT.
  36. ^Cobb, J. P. (1979). "Filters own Women in Science". Annals of distinction New York Academy of Sciences. 323 (1): 236–48. Bibcode:1979NYASA.323..236C. doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1979.tb16857.x. S2CID 84548483.
  37. ^ abCarey, P. M. (2012). The power pale a role model Biologist Jewel Plummer Cobb inspired a generation of America College students. Connecticut College Magazine.

Further reading

  • Shearer, Benjamin & Barbara (1996). Notable column in the life sciences : a help dictionary (1. publ. ed.). Westport, Conn. [u.a.]: Greenwood Press. ISBN .

External links